Scientists debunk fish oil supplement myths

Fish oil supplements are widely marketed as a way to improve heart health, boost brain function, and provide various other health benefits. They are a staple on pharmacy shelves and a popular choice among health-conscious individuals, especially those over 60.

But a recent study published in JAMA Cardiology challenges many of these claims, raising questions about whether these supplements live up to their reputation.

Questionable Health Claims

Researchers from UT Southwestern Medical School examined 2,819 fish oil products currently on the market. Their analysis revealed that nearly three-quarters of these supplements made at least one health-related claim.

However, only 19% of the products backed their claims with FDA-approved qualified health statements. Instead, many relied on vague phrases like “promotes heart health,” which provide little assurance of actual benefits.

The Omega-3 Dilemma

The active ingredients in fish oil, omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA, are believed to be responsible for its supposed health benefits.

Yet, the study found a wide variation in the amounts of EPA and DHA across different products. This inconsistency makes it difficult for consumers to know if they’re getting an effective dose.

Moreover, there are no official dietary recommendations for EPA and DHA, according to the Office of Dietary Supplements. Without clear guidelines, it’s hard for consumers to gauge how much they need or if supplements are the best way to get these nutrients.

Popular but Unproven

Despite limited evidence, fish oil supplements remain a go-to choice for many people, especially older adults seeking to support heart health. However, experts are skeptical.

Dr. Ann Marie Navar, one of the study’s authors, suggests that the money spent on fish oil supplements might be better directed toward proven preventive measures, such as eating more fresh vegetables or using medications to manage blood pressure or cholesterol.

Is Eating Fish Better?

Connie Diekman, a food and nutrition consultant, points out that while eating fish is linked to health benefits, the advantage may come from the overall nutritional package of the fish rather than the oil itself.

Fish provides not only omega-3s but also protein, vitamins, and minerals, which together contribute to its health-promoting effects. Diekman recommends that people consult with their doctors or dietitians before turning to supplements.

The Need for Better Regulation

The study also highlights the lack of regulation in the dietary supplement industry. Many products make bold health claims without sufficient evidence to back them up, leaving consumers vulnerable to misinformation.

The researchers argue for stricter labeling standards to ensure that consumers understand what they are buying and whether it is likely to benefit them.

Notably, two large randomized placebo-controlled trials—VITAL in the U.S. and ASCEND in the U.K.—have found little to no benefit of fish oil supplements in preventing heart disease. These findings cast further doubt on the effectiveness of these products for heart health.

What Consumers Should Know

While fish oil supplements may seem like an easy way to boost health, this study suggests that their benefits are far from guaranteed.

For those considering supplements, it’s crucial to seek advice from healthcare professionals and focus on proven strategies, such as eating a balanced diet, exercising regularly, and managing health conditions with appropriate medication.

As more research questions the efficacy of fish oil supplements, it’s a reminder that not everything on a label translates to real health benefits. When it comes to your health, informed decisions and professional guidance are key.

The study was published in JAMA Cardiology.

If you care about nutrition, please read studies about berry that can prevent cancer, diabetes, and obesity, and the harm of vitamin D deficiency you need to know.

For more information about nutrition, please see recent studies about the connection between potatoes and high blood pressure, and results showing why turmeric is a health game-changer.